Basic Lithobid Information

• INN (International Nonproprietary Name): Lithium carbonate
• Brand names available in Canada: Carbolith, Lithane
• ATC Code: N05AN01
• Forms & dosages: Extended-release tablets, immediate-release tablets (150 mg, 300 mg, 450 mg), oral solution
• Manufacturers in Canada: Various
• Registration status in Canada: Licensed as prescription medication
• OTC / Rx classification: Prescription Only

Availability & Price Landscape

Lithobid (lithium carbonate) is a critical medication for those managing bipolar disorder. Within Canada, it's most commonly found under the generic names Carbolith and Lithane. Major pharmacy chains, including Shoppers Drug Mart, Rexall, and London Drugs, are known to stock these brands. However, the availability can fluctuate based on the specific province's health plans and regulations. It's always recommended for individuals to contact their local pharmacy directly to confirm stock status, as this can vary not just by location but also according to differing provincial health requirements.

Online Pharmacy Trends in Canada

In today’s digital age, online pharmacies are gaining traction in providing access to lithium carbonate. They offer a convenient option for patients seeking prescriptions without the hassle of in-person visits. However, it’s crucial to be aware of the varying provincial regulations that can impact access to online prescriptions. Some provinces allow online orders with fewer restrictions, while others may enforce more stringent measures requiring a valid prescription. Understanding the laws in one's province is essential, as it can significantly influence the ability to purchase medications online safely and legally. This could affect access to medications like Lithobid, making it even more important for patients to stay informed about their rights and restrictions in medication procurement.

Product Overview & Brand Variants

The International Nonproprietary Name (INN) for Lithobid is lithium carbonate. In Canada, it is marketed under names like Carbolith and Lithane, coming in various dosages including 150 mg, 300 mg, and 450 mg tablets. Extended-release forms, such as 300 mg tablets, are also widely used. Each brand may vary slightly in formulation or release profile, but their primary function remains to stabilize mood swings associated with bipolar disorder.

Across different markets, the naming can differ. For instance, the UK and Australia refer to a modified-release variant called Lithmax, which is aimed at those needing controlled doses over longer periods. In any case, it’s crucial for patients to be aware of the specific brand and dosage they are receiving to manage their treatment effectively.

Legal classification under Health Canada

Lithobid, as regulated by Health Canada, is classified as a prescription-only medication. This means that individuals seeking to obtain it need a valid prescription from a healthcare provider. It's essential for patients to engage with their healthcare professionals to ensure that the use of lithobid aligns with their treatment plans and complies with local health regulations. Such consultations help in identifying the appropriate dosage and monitoring potential side effects while ensuring effective management of bipolar disorder.

Indications in Local Canadian Medical Practice

Approved uses (Health Canada DIN context)

Lithobid is officially approved for treating acute manic episodes in individuals with bipolar disorder (bipolar I), applicable to those aged 7 years and older. Its designation under Health Canada’s Drug Identification Number (DIN) highlights lithium carbonate’s primary role as a mood stabilizer. Additionally, it serves for the ongoing maintenance of bipolar disorder, aiming to reduce the frequency and intensity of manic episodes. This established basis allows healthcare providers in Canada to responsibly prescribe lithobid to qualifying patients based on comprehensive evaluations of their mental health.

Off-label patterns in Canadian healthcare

While its main focus is on bipolar disorder, healthcare professionals in Canada sometimes prescribe lithium carbonate off-label. Treatment roles have expanded to include cases of severe depression and schizoaffective disorder. During consultations, practitioners may suggest lithobid for additional mood stabilization benefits, particularly if traditional treatments are insufficient. It remains vital for patients to openly discuss these possible off-label uses and their risks with their healthcare provider, allowing for informed decisions regarding their treatment plans.

How It Works in the Body

Layman’s explanation

Lithobid plays a significant role in stabilizing mood swings, especially in individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder. The active ingredient, lithium carbonate, helps to balance various chemicals in the brain, which can lead to less intense and less frequent manic episodes. When patients use lithobid consistently, they often find their mood stabilizes, enabling them to engage more fully in daily activities and relationships.

Clinical detail from Health Canada resources

The specific workings of lithium as a treatment for bipolar disorder involve modulation of neurotransmitter release and the influence on second messenger systems within the brain. Studies suggest that lithium enhances serotonin transmission while inhibiting dopamine activity, both critical factors in mood stabilization. Regular monitoring of serum lithium levels is essential to ensure optimal therapeutic results, preventing toxicity while maximizing the drug's efficacy.

Dosage & Administration

Standard regimens per Canadian guidelines

Lithobid, also known as lithium carbonate, is a vital treatment for acute mania in bipolar disorder, following Canadian guidelines. For adults, initial dosing typically begins at 600 mg/day, which can be adjusted based on clinical response and serum lithium levels. Maintenance therapy generally falls between 900 to 1200 mg/day to manage mood stability. For those aged 7 and above, the starting dose is recommended at 15–20 mg/kg/day. This ensures that patients receive a tailored approach to their specific needs while minimizing risks associated with improper dosing.

Adjustments by patient type (with Canadian clinical notes)

When considering patient-specific adjustments, elderly patients require particular attention. Starting doses for this population should range from 150 to 300 mg/day, due to their increased sensitivity and potential for renal impairment. Additionally, those with renal impairment must be monitored closely. Initial doses should be reduced to prevent toxicity. Keeping track of serum lithium levels is essential to ensure the medication remains within the therapeutic range while safeguarding kidney function.

Contraindications & Side Effects

Common (Health Canada-approved list)

Lithobid has specific contraindications that healthcare providers need to be aware of. Absolute contraindications include severe renal impairment, known hypersensitivity to lithium, uncontrolled hypothyroidism, and severe cardiovascular diseases. Pregnancy during the first trimester also presents risks. Relative contraindications involve the elderly and those with mild to moderate renal impairment, where closer monitoring is crucial. Regular evaluations of both renal and thyroid function are vital in optimizing patient management and mitigating risks.

Rare but serious (with Canadian pharmacovigilance data)

While most side effects are manageable, healthcare professionals must be vigilant for rare but serious reactions. Lithium toxicity can manifest as confusion, seizures, or cardiac issues. Patients should be trained to recognize the signs of overdose and have an immediate plan for medical intervention. Reporting any adverse effects to Health Canada helps maintain the drug's safety profile in the Canadian healthcare system, ensuring ongoing rigorous monitoring and assessment.

Comparable Medicines in Canada

Alternatives table (with DIN references)

Alternatives	Indications	DIN Reference
Valproic acid	Bipolar disorder	[DIN Reference]
Carbamazepine	Bipolar disorder, seizure control	[DIN Reference]
Lamotrigine	Mood stabilization	[DIN Reference]

Pros and cons list

Lithobid has certain advantages and disadvantages to consider.

• Pros: Effective for acute mania; well-studied for long-term use; available in various formulations.
• Cons: Requires ongoing blood monitoring; potential for serious side effects; adjustments necessary based on individual patient response.

Delivery Information for Lithobid in Canada

City	Region	Delivery time
Toronto	Ontario	5–7 days
Vancouver	British Columbia	5–7 days
Montreal	Quebec	5–7 days
Calgary	Alberta	5–7 days
Ottawa	Ontario	5–7 days
Edmonton	Alberta	5–7 days
Winnipeg	Manitoba	5–9 days
Halifax	Nova Scotia	5–9 days
Victoria	British Columbia	5–7 days
Regina	Saskatchewan	5–9 days
St. John's	Newfoundland and Labrador	5–9 days
Quebec City	Quebec	5–9 days